“Kalai dal” is a common term in South Asian cuisine, referring to lentils, especially black chickpeas or urad dal.  If you’re interested in growing these lentils, here’s a comprehensive guide to planting, growing and caring for them.

  1. Choose the right location

  Climate: Urad dal grows in warm climates and needs plenty of sunlight.  It grows best at 20-30°C (68-86°F).

  Soil: Ideal soil is well-drained, fertile and slightly acidic to neutral (pH 6-7).  Loamy or sandy soil is suitable for growing urad dal.

  2. Prepare the soil

  Clearing: Clear the ground of weeds, stones and debris.

  Tilling: After plowing the land, kalai dal seeds should be sprinkled all over the land and then the soil should be turned over.

  Composting: Mix with well-rotted compost or organic matter to improve soil fertility.

  Fertilizing: A balanced fertilizer (such as NPK 10-10-10) can be used to increase the nutrient content of the soil.  Be careful not to over-fertilize, as this can damage the plant.

  3. Plant the seed

  Timing: The best time to plant urad dal is during the warm season, usually late spring or early summer.

  Germination: Seeds usually take 7-10 days to germinate depending on temperature and soil conditions.

 4. Watering and maintenance

  Watering: Keep the soil constantly moist, but not waterlogged.  Water deeply once or twice a week depending on weather conditions.

  Weeding: Keep the area around the plant free of weeds.  Weeds can compete for nutrients and water.

  Mulching: Use organic mulch to retain moisture and suppress weeds.

5. Pest and Disease Management

  Pests: Common pests include aphids, beetles and caterpillars.  Use organic or chemical pesticides as needed, following label directions.

  Diseases: Urad dal can be susceptible to fungal diseases like powdery mildew and leaf spot.  Ensure proper spacing for good air circulation and avoid overhead watering.

  Companion planting: Consider planting with companion plants such as marigolds to help deter pests.

  6. Harvesting and storage

  Harvesting: Urad dal is usually ready for harvesting 70-90 days after planting.  The pods should be dry and brittle.  Cut the plant at the base and let it dry for a few days in a warm, dry place.

  Threshing: Once dry, thresh the pods to separate the lentils from the husk.

  Storage: Store dried lentils in an airtight container in a cool, dry place.

  7. Additional tips

  Rotation: Rotate crops each season to prevent soil erosion and reduce disease risk.

  Fertilization: Consider side-dressing with additional fertilizer during the growing season if necessary.

  Following these steps will help you grow healthy and productive urad dal plants.  Good luck with your garden!